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REVIEW

Expozomul şi obezitatea – conexiuni şi riscuri

 Exposom and obesity – links and risks

Monica Tarcea, Oana Moldovan

First published: 28 iunie 2024

Editorial Group: MEDICHUB MEDIA

DOI: 10.26416/JourNutri.2.2.2024.9758

Abstract

Obesity is one of today’s public health challenges, with multiple valences, diverse etiology, and socioeconomic impact. The prevalence of obesity has tripled in recent de­cades, placing an enormous burden not only on peo­ple’s health but also on society in general. A rigorous ana­ly­sis of trends and specific levels of exposure to risk factors, together with a quantitative assessment of possible effects on human health, is of crucial im­por­tance. The exposome has been defined as a sum of fac­tors, external and internal, to which individuals are ex­posed throughout life and how they affect our health. Thus, there can be environmental factors (pollution, ra­dia­tion, microorganisms), behavioral factors (diet, smo­king, alcohol, sweets), and chemicals with hormonal im­pact (endocrine disruptors). Based on recent literature, with weight and research evidence, we attempt in this article to highlight the impact of exposome on the risk of obesity.
 

Keywords
obesogens, exposome, epigenetics, microbiota, endocrine disruptors

Rezumat

Obezitatea este una din provocările de sănătate publică din prezent, cu valenţe multiple, etiologie diversă şi im­pact socioeconomic. Prevalenţa obezităţii s-a triplat în ultimele decenii, aducând o povară enormă nu doar asu­pra sănătăţii oamenilor, ci şi asupra societăţii în ge­­n­e­ral. O analiză riguroasă a tendinţelor şi nivelurilor spe­ci­fi­ce de expunere la factorii de risc, împreună cu o eva­lua­re cantitativă a posibilelor efecte asupra sănătăţii uma­ne sunt de o importanţă crucială. Expozomul a fost definit ca un cumul de factori, externi şi interni, la care sunt expuşi indivizii de-a lungul vieţii, alături de modul în care aceştia ne afectează sănătatea. Astfel, pot fi fac­tori ambientali (poluare, radiaţii, microorganisme), de com­por­ta­ment (dietă, fumat, alcool, dulciuri) şi chi­mici, cu im­pact hormonal (disruptori endocrini). Pe baza lite­ra­turii de specialitate recente, cu greu­ta­te şi dovezi de cer­cetare, în­cer­căm în acest articol să evidenţiem impactul ex­po­zo­mu­lui asu­pra riscului de apariţie a obezităţii.
 

Cuvinte cheie
obezogeni expozom epigenetică microbiotă perturbatori endocrini

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